BAB 1
STUDENTS’
ABILITY IN WRITING RECOUNT TEXT AT GRADE XI MAS THOYIBAH ISLAMIYAH HUTARAJA
PALUTA
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background Of The Problem
Language is very important for communication
and instraction to all of people, because language is the tool for human to
communicate with each other. A Human being needs language to share their
thinking and feeling. Language is the expression of human for communication throuhgh
knowledge, belief and behavior.
English
is international language used by many people in some countries for establishing
relationship because English is the first foreign language which is important
to transfer and gain knowledge, science, technology, art, culture and establish
international relationship. Beside it, English also provided as compulsory
subject to students of elementary school, junior high school, senior high
school and higher education level.
There are four skills which are taught in
the teaching and learning English. They are listening, speaking, reading, and
writing. These skills cannot stand alone. The skills need language components:
grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation to support them. Without these language
components, those skills will not be perfect.
There are many reasons to say that writing
is very important not only for students and teachers but also all of people because
writing is one of the four language skills from above that should be able by students.
Writing is producing the words and sentences then it
expressing the meaning of the ideas and activity where the students or the writers
express their feelings into language by write down on a paper or by type.
Writing also is a transforming process of feeling into language, it means that
the writer should thinks the content of writing first and then arrange the
ideas using appropriate language (grammar or vocabulary) into their writing.
Writing is a process how to generate the
letter, words and sentences. Therefore, students must be able to combine the
words that easier to understand by human. Writing disabilities are caused by
problems in vocabulary and grammar. However, an understandable and acceptable
writing are not only depends on vocabulary and grammar but also has to be well
sequenced, cohesive, coherent, and appropriate with its purpose.
Writing is not only in experiences and information in
generating and organizing ideas, but also in translating their ideas into
readable text so the readers can understand what writers’ means. A good
writing is to write something based on the right chronologic, include has a
good topic sentence and the supporting sentences..
Writing skill will be found some problems they
are: the first are grammatical rules, lack of vocabulary, strucutre, grammar an
spelling. The second is students can not develop their main idea and
can not decide what kind of tense that should be used in their writing. The
third students cannot comprehensible because the content of the composition is
not relevant to the topic. The fourth is
ideas do not stated clearly and sentences do not organize well. And the last they are lack of evaluation to
write and writing the problems were low
in content.
The School Based Curriculum (KTSP) is
implemented at MAS Thoyibah Islamiyah for
all subjects. The purpose of the English teaching and learning in the classroom
is to develop and to master language components and language skills. The
teacher has given some books to them to improve their ability in understanding recount
text. The teacher also teaches the students to write many kinds of text such as
recount, narrative, procedure, descriptive text, and report text. The
basic competence in learning English for writing is expressing the meaning and
rhetorical structures in essay by using written language manner accurately,
fluently and acceptable in everyday life context in form of recount and
narrative text[1]
There are many kinds of writing such as exposition
text, description text, recount text, procedure
text, spoof text, report text, argumentation text, narration text, anecdote, hortatory
text. In this research, the focuses on recount text.
Recount text tells about story experience in past time. It retells a past event begins
by telling the reader who was involved, what happened, where this event took
place and when happened. Recount text is written to retell events information
or entertaining their reader. Recount text has three components such as
orientation, event, re-orientation or conclusion.[2]
The students should know and able writing
recount text well. The Students must know tense that be used to write the
recount text. The students must understand and able the role or the way of
writing recount text. The Students must be able to determine and organize
structure of recount text such as social function, lexicogrammar features and
generic structures. Because of many students are unable to write recount text
well.
Based on above the ability is one of the important to write recount text well. But in fact so many students are
unable to determine and organize the ability of recount text and do not
understand and organize the writing of the recount text well. In this case the writer
get information from the English teacher in MAS Thoiyibah Islamiyah she
said that students’ value in writing skill is still low. The average of
students’ writing achievement of grade XI is 65 whereas KKM of grades is 75. Students
have the problems in writing especially such as students feel confuse what would they say and
write during learning process. So, they always said that English was boring and
difficult than other lesson.[3]
It is happen because there were some problems
in students’ writing ability. The first students lack of vocabulary when they
want to write some pragraphs, they confused what they have to write because
they do not meaning of some words in indonesian into English. And also students
need much time to open dictionary and they can not finish their writing work on
time. Morever, most of students seldom brought dictionary to school. The second
students’ ability in write English is still low. Most of Students are lazy to
write because writing English is different from our native language, the words,
grammar and also the way of organizing ideas are probably different from write
indonesian sentences. When the teacher asked them to write a paragraph, most of
them cannot develop their ideas so that they become lazy to write. The last most of
students wrote recount text, but they are not able to write the text base on
the correct structures and language features of the text itself, and they do not
understand how to write this text correctly.
Then,
based on the information from the some students of MAS Thoyibah Islamiyah. The
first is Hendra Yunata, he said English
teacher in MAS Thoyibah Islamiyah Hutaraja
is monoton in teaching learning because the teacher just used English
Textbooks and do not suitable tehnique and media in teaching learning process.
so we are lazy in English learning process.[4]
The second is Irna Angraini, she said that they do not get what have been
taught by teacher caused teachers’ explanation not clear so they do not get
point of the lesson.[5]
Students have many problems to write recount
text because they do not understand the components of writing recount text and
cannot write recount well. They were difficult to arrange the sentences when
make a recount paragraph. They feel difficult to relate one sentence to others,
which the first, after it, and which the next sentences. They also less in
determine generic structure of recount text. In this case the writer wants to
know about the ability that are often encountered when writing recount text on
some students. Students must get a good result, students should be able to
master and apply the structures properly, especially on the using.
Based on the explanation above, it is necessary
to conduct the research about “Students’ Ability In Writing Recount Text At Grade
XI AT MAS Thoiyibah Islamiyah”.
B.
Identification Of The Problem
Based on
the background above, so many problems
they are:
1.
Students lack of vocabulary, structure, grammar
and spelling.
2.
Students are less motivation in English lesson
such as writing especially.
3.
Students had low achievement in writing.
4.
Students confused what they have to
write because they do not meaning of some words in indonesian into English.
5.
Students are lazy to write because writing
English is different from our native language, the words, grammar and also the
way of organizing ideas are probably different from write indonesian sentences
6.
Students students unable to write recount text
well because they didn’t know the component of recount text and low in organization, language use and
mechanics.
Based on
research observation that grade XI students’ writing recount result were low.
So, The problems focused only an on students’ ability in writing recount text.
C.
Focus of the Problem
The problems of writing are very large and the
kinds of writing are very much. As stated in background the problems are about
students’ weakness in writing, it caused by their inability in mastery
cohesion, grammar and structure and vocabulary. These problems may face by
students or by English teacher. The researcher will take a research just about
the students’ ability in writing recount text. So that the researcher limit and
focus into the students’ low ability in writing recount text at grade XI MAS
Thoyibah Islamiyah Hutaraja Paluta.
D.
Formulation of the Problem
Based on
the problem above, the researcher formulates the problem as follows:
1.
How far is
the students’ ability in writing recount text at grade XI MAS Thoyibah
Islamiyah Hutaraja Paluta?
2.
What are the difficulties of the students in
writing recount text at grade XI MAS Thoyibah Islamiyah Hutaraja Paluta?
3.
How the overcome the difficulties of students
in writing recount text at grade XI MAS Thoyibah Islamiyah Hutaraja Paluta?
E.
Purposes of the Research
Based on
the formulation of problem above, the purpose of this research was
1.
To describe the students’ ability in writing
recount text at grade XI of MAS Thoyibah Islamiyah Hutaraja Paluta.
2.
To know the difficulties of the students in
writing recount text at grade XI MAS Thoyibah Islamiyah Hutaraja Paluta.
3.
To know the overcome the difficulties of
students in writing recount text ad grade XI MAS Thoyibah Islamiyah Hutaraja
Paluta.
F.
Significances of the Research
The significances of this research are as
follows:
1.
As input for the readers especially the English
Learners that is research, it is expected to be able to improve their knowledge
in learning recount text.
2.
As input for the head master in guiding his
English teacher.
3.
As input for the English teacher in teaching
and learning process especially in teaching recount text.
4.
As input for the other researcher who will done
the research that has some topic with this research.
G.
Defenition of Terminologies
To avoid the vagueness and misunderstanding
between the writer and the reader, the terminologies as follows:
1.
Students’ Ability
Students
is a person who studies, investigatio or a person who is enrolled for study at
school and collage.[6]
Hornby stated that “The student is a person who is studying at school or
college.[7]
While Rama Yulis stated students is the member of society that effort to
develop his/her self throught education level process and kinds of certain
education .[8] It
can be concluded that the student is a person who learn from the elementary up
to university on the formal education institution. And then students in this
research were person who studies at the grade XI in MAS Thoyibah Islamiyah
Hutaraja Paluta.
On
Oxford Advanced Learner Dictionary by Hornby stated that “ ability is possesion
of the means or skill, talent, profeciency to do something in particular area.
Power or capacity to do or act physically, mentally, legally, morally,
financially, etc.”[9]
While in Indonesian dictionary state that “ability is competencein activity or occupation because
of one’s skill training, or other qualification”.[10] It
could be taken the conclusion that ability is the mental or physical capacity,
power or skill required to do something.
2.
Writing Skill
Writing
is one of the most significant cultural accopmlishments of human beings. It
allows us to record and convey information and stries beyond the immediate
moment. According to Sanggam
Siahaan said that, writing is the productive language skill it is the skill of
a writer to communicate information to a reader or group of readers.[11] Writing is powerful process
for learning: for describing, synthesizing, analyzing, interpreting and
communicating experience.[12] It could be taken conclusion that writing is an activity
for producing and expressing, it is producing the words
and sentences then it expressing with the meaning of ideas, thus writing skill
is the activity to transfer the ideas through words and sentences the idea will
change to scientific.
3.
Recount text
Recount text is the process of giving
information by text, to retell events for the porpuse of informing or
entertaining. [13]
According to Pardiyono recount is a text information to
another people about activities or event in past. Recount is a text that
telling the reader about one story, action or activity. Its purpose is
either to inform or entertain the audience.[14] The writer concluded that recount is a piece of
text that retells past events, usually in the order which they happened. In
summary recount text is a text talks about events in past time to entertains
and instructs the reader or listener, such as: interesting experience holiday.
[1] Syllabus of MAS Thoyibah Islamiyah Hutaraja
[2] Linda Gerot And Peter Wignell, Making Sense
Of Functional Grammar (Australia : Gerd Stabler, 1994), p. 194
[3] Fitri Karlina, English Teacher at Grade
XI MAS Thoyibah Islamiyah Hutaraja Paluta, Private Interview (november
29 th , 2017 at 08. 22 p.m)
[4] Hendra Yunata, Student at
Grade XI MAS Thoyibah Islamiyah Hutaraja Paluta, Interview ( November 29th,
2017 at 9.51 p.m)
[5] Irna Angraini, Student at Grade XI MAS Thoyibah Islamiyah Hutaraja Paluta, Interview
( November 29th, 2017 at 9.51 p.m)
[6] Victoria New Feld, Webster’s New World Collage Dictionary (USA:
Macmillan,1996),p. 1330.
[7] AS. Hornby, Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995), p. 38.
[8] Rama Yulis, Ilmu Pendidikan Islam (Jakarta: Kalam Mulia, 2008), p. 77.
[9] As. Hornby,Op. Cit, p. 1103.
[10] Tim Penyusun Kamus Pusat Pengembangan Bahasa, Op. Cit, p. 721
[11] Sanggam
Siahaan. The English Paragraph, (Yogyakarta:
Graha Ilmu, 2008), p. 2
[12] Mary Louise Holly Mary Louise Holly, at.all, Action Research for
Teachers, (New Jersey: Colombus, Ohio, 2005), p. 235
[13] Linda Gerot and Peter Wignell, Log,.Cit.
[14] Pardiyono, Sure You Can ( The Magical Step To Speak And Write In English) Yogyakarta: Andi, 2013. P. 19
